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Java Environment Setup, Java Syntax and Java program Structure.
Java can be used in Selenium to write Programs (Test Scripts), Selenium supports other Programming languages also but most of the Selenium Testers (nearly 77%) using Java Language.
i) Java Environment Setup
ii) Java Syntax
iii) Java Program Structure
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i) Java Environment Setup
Steps:
1) Download Java Software (jdk) and Install
2) Set Environment Variable path (Path Variable)
3) Download Eclipse IDE and Extract
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Download Java from either java.com or oracle.com, and install
After Installation you can get Java folder in C:\program Files.
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Set Environment Variable Path
Navigation:
Select myComputer and right click
> Properties
> Advanced System Settings
> Environment Variables
> Select Path Variable from System Variables
> Edit
> Copy java bin directory path and paste in variable value field
> OK
> OK
> OK
> Close
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1) Write and Execute a Java Program from Command prompt
2) Write and Execute a Java Program using Eclipse IDE
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1) Write and Execute a Java Program from Command prompt
Step 1: Write a Program
Step 2: Compile the Program
Step 3: Run / Execute the Program
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Step 1: Write a Program
public class Sample {
public static void main (String [] args) {
System.out.println ("Hello Selenium World");
}
}
Save with java extension
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Step 2: Compile the Program
> Launch Command prompt
> Change to Java Program file directory
> Type javac ProgramName.java
* It creates Java Class file
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Step 3: Run / Execute the Program
> Launch Command prompt
> Type java ProgramFileName
Then it displays Output on the Console
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Edit Java Program
Open the program file and Edit
> Compile the file
> Run / Execute the Program
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2) Write and Execute a Java Program using Eclipse IDE
Eclipse IDE:
Eclipse Integrated Development Environment
> Eclipse IDE is platform to write and execute computer programs like Java, Perl, Python, Ruby, PHP etc...
> It provides editor for writing programs, Syntax guidance, Context Help, Auto Compilation etc...
> Eclipse IDE is an Open Source Software.
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Download Eclipse IDE and Extract
Steps to Write and execute a Java program using Eclipse IDE
> Launch Eclipse IDE
> Create Java Project
> Create Java Package
> Create Java Class / Java Interface
> Write Java Program
Eclipse IDE provides Auto Compilation
> Run/Execute the Program
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ii) Java Syntax Rules:
1) Java is a Case sensitive Language.
2) First letter of Class name should be in Upper Case.
3) Method names should start with Lower case letter
4) Java program file name should exactly match with class name.
5) Java Program execution starts from main method, which is mandatory in every Java program.
6) Every Statement / Step should end with Semo colon (;).
7) Code blocks (ex: Conditions, Loops, method declarations etc...) enclosed with {}.
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iii) Java Program Structure
1) Documentation Section
2) Package declaration statement
ex: package javaExamples;
3) Import Statements
We import Buil-in and User defined libraries using import keyword.
Ex:
import java.io.Console;
import java.lang.*;
import - It is a Java Keyword
java - Project
io - Package
Console - Class
lang.*; - All Classes from the Package
4) Class declaration Statement
public class Sample {}
public - Access Modifier
class - Java Keyword / Reserved word to declare the Class.
Sample - Class Name
5) main Method
public static void main (String [] args){}
public - Access Modifier
static - Non Access Modifier(use main method without invoking any Object)
void - Returns Nothing
main - Method name
String [] args - is the parameter to the main method.
6) Declarations
We declare Variables and Constants.
int a;
a=100;
or
int a = 100;
int a, b, c;
c=10, b=20, c=30;
Or
int a=10, b=20, c=30;
--------------------
char a ='A';
--------------------
final int b=100; //Correct
--------------------
final int c; //Incorrect
c=100;
7) Normal Statements
d = a+b;
System.out.println (d);
System - Class Name
out - Object
println - Method
8) Code Blocks
Condition blocks
Loop Blocks
Method Blocks
Constructer blocks etc...
Note:
1) Every Normal Statement should end with semi colon (;).
2) Every code block should enclose with {}.
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Syntax to Create Object
Classname objectName = new Classname();
---------------------------------
A Sample Java Program
// It is a Sample Program to understand Java program Structure
//and Syntax
package javaExamples;
import java.io.Console;
import java.lang.*;
public class Sample2 {
//Create a Method with returning a value (It is to multiply three numbers)
public int multiply(int a, int b, int c){
int result = a * b * c;
return result;
}
// Create a Method without returning any value
public void comparison(){
int x, y;
x=10; y=20;
if (x > y){
System.out.println("X is a Big Number");
}
else
{
System.out.println("Y is a Big Number");
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
//Create Object
Sample2 abcd = new Sample2();
//Acess user defined methods using Object
int z = abcd.multiply(123, 987, 455);
System.out.println(z);
abcd.comparison();
//Variables and Constants declaration
int a =10, b=20, c, d; //variables Declarations and Initialization for some variables.
c=30; //Initialization
final int money =100; //Constant Declaration
d= a + b + c;
System.out.println("Addition of a, b, c is: "+ d);//Addition of a, b, c is: 60
System.out.println(money);//100
System.out.println(c); //30
c=123;
System.out.println(c);
//Condition Block
if (a>b){
System.out.println("A is a Big Number");
}
else {
System.out.println("B is a Big Number");
}
//Loop Block
for (int i=1; i <=10; i++){
System.out.println(i);
}
}
}
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Java for Selenium Part 2 Link
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