Input and Output Operations and File Handing in Java

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Input Output Operations and File Handing in Java

i) Input and Output Operations

ii) File Handling in Java

iii) Exception Handling in Java
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i) Input and Output Operations
There three ways available for reading input.

a) Scanner

b) DataInputStream

c) BufferedReader
------------------------------
Using java.util.Scanner is the easier way and it includes many methods to check input is valid to read.

Read Input Example:
public static void main (String [] args){

Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in); //System.in is an input stream
   
System.out.println("Enter Your Name");
String name = scan.nextLine();
System.out.println("You are Name is "+name);
   
System.out.println("Enter Your City");
String city = scan.next();
System.out.println("Your City is "+ city);
   
System.out.println("Enter a Number");
int num = scan.nextInt();
System.out.println("Your Number is "+num);
   
System.out.println("Enter a Mobile Number");
long num2 = scan.nextLong();
System.out.println("Your Mobile Number is "+num2);
       
System.out.println("Enter a Value");
double num3 = scan.nextDouble();
System.out.println("Your Value is "+num3);
   
System.out.println("Enter a Character");
char a = scan.next().charAt(0);
System.out.println("Your Char is "+a);
   
System.out.println("Enter a Value");
boolean val = scan.nextBoolean();
System.out.println("Your Value is "+val);

scan.close();
--------------------------------------------------
Display Output on the Console
int a=10, b=20;
System.out.println("Welcome to Selenium");//Welcome to Selenium
System.out.println("Value b is "+b); //Value b is 20
System.out.println("Value a is "+a + " Value b is "+b); //Value a is 10 Value b is 20
--------------------------------
ii) File Handling in Java
Using File Class we can handle Computer files.

Examples

1) Create a Folder
public static void main (String [] args){
File fileObject = new File("C:/Users/gcreddy/Desktop/Selenium");
fileObject.mkdir();
}   

2) Check the existence of Selenium Folder.
public static void main (String [] args){
File fileObject = new File("C:/Users/gcreddy/Desktop/Selenium");
boolean a = fileObject.exists();
       
if (a == true){
System.out.println("Folder Exists");
}
else {
System.out.println("Folder Not Exists");
}
}       
-------------------------------------------------
3) Delete a Folder
public static void main (String [] args){
File fileObject = new File("C:/Users/gcreddy/Desktop/Selenium");
fileObject.delete();
}       
-------------------------------------
4) Create a Text File
public static void main (String [] args) throws IOException{
File fileObject = new File("C:/Users/gcreddy/Desktop/UFT2.xls");
fileObject.createNewFile();
}       

5) Delete a Text File
public static void main (String [] args) throws IOException{
File fileObject = new File("C:/Users/gcreddy/Desktop/UFT.txt");
fileObject.delete();
}       
--------------------------------
iii) Exception Handling in Java
> An exception is an event, it occurs during execution of a program, when normal execution of the program is interrupted.

> Exception handling is mechanism to handle exceptions.

Common scenarios where exceptions may occurs
1) Scenario where Arithmeticexception occursIf we divide any number by Zero then Arithmeticexception occurs

Ex:
int a =10/0;
--------------------------
2) Scenario where NullPointerexception occurs.
if we have no value in any variable, performing any operation by the variable.

Ex:

String s =null;

System.out.pritln(s.length()); //NullPointerexception
--------------------------
3) Scenario where NumberFormatException occurs
The wrong formatting of any value.

Ex:

String s = "abc";
int a = Integer.parseInt(s);
System.out.println(a);//NumberFormatException
--------------------------
// Convert data from String type to Integer

public static void main (String [] args) {

Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.println("Read two Numbers");
String s1= scan.nextLine();
String s2= scan.nextLine();

int a = Integer.parseInt(s1);
int b = Integer.parseInt(s2);
System.out.println(a+b);

scan.close();
---------------------------
4) Scenario where ArrayIndexOutOfBounds exception occurs.
if we insert any value in the worng index.

Ex:
int [] a = new int [5];
a[100] = 123;
System.out.println(a[100]); ArrayIndexOutOfBounds
----------------------------
Example:
public static void main (String [] args) {
int a =10;
int b = 0;
   
int result = a/b;
System.out.println(result);
System.out.println("Hello Java");
System.out.println("Hello Selenium");
}
----------------------------
Use try catch block
Syntax:

try{
Statements
-----
------
}
catch (Exception name){
Exception handling code
}
-------------------------
Example:
public static void main (String [] args) {
int a =10;
int b = 0;
   
try
{
int result = a/b;
System.out.println(result);
}
catch (ArithmeticException e){
System.out.println("Divided by Zero Error");   
}
System.out.println("Hello Java");
System.out.println("Hello Selenium");
}
-----------------------------
// Handling multiple exceptions
public static void main (String [] args) {
int a =10;
int b = 0;
   
int abc [] = new int[4];
   
try
{
int result = a/b;
System.out.println(result);
}
catch (ArithmeticException e1){
System.out.println("Divided by Zero Error");   
}

System.out.println("Hello Java");
   
try
{
abc[30]=200;
System.out.println(abc[30]);   
}
catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e2){
System.out.println("Array Index Out of Bounds Error");
}

System.out.println("Hello Selenium");
}
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