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Handling Elements in Selenium WebDriver
Pre-requisites to create Test cases in Selenium
i) Element Locators (To recognize/identify Elements)
ii) WebDriver Methods (To perform operations on Elements)
iii) Programming features (To enhance Test cases)
----------------------------------------------
iv) TestNG Annotations (Grouping Test Cases, Test Batch execution and generating reports.)
----------------------------------------------
i) Element Locators
1) id
2) name
3) className
4) tagName
5) linkText
6) parialLinkText
7) cssSelector
8) xpath
------------------------------
Web Elements
Browser -driver object
Page-----------
Link
Button
Image, Image Button, Image Link
Edit box
Text Area
Check box
Radio Button
Drop down box
List box
Combo box
Web Table / HTML Table
Frame etc...
-----------------------------------------
ii) WebDriver Methods
a) Methods on Browser
1) get()
2) getTitle()
3) getPageSource()
4) getCurrentUrl()
5) getwindowHandle()
6) close()
7) quit()
--------------------
b) Browser navigation methods
1) navigate().to()
2) navigate().back()
3) navigate().forward()
4) navigate().refresh()
------------------------------
c) Methods on Elements
1) findElement()
2) findElements()
3) sendkeys()
4) clear()
5) click()
6) isEnabled()
7) isDisplayed()
8) isSelected()
9) getText()
10) getAttribute()
-----------------------------------
d) Others
1) manage.window.maximize()
2) .explicitlyWait()
-------------------------------------
iii) Java Programming features
A) Java Fundamentals
1) Comments
2) Data Types
3) Modifiers
4) Variables
5) Operators
6) Conditional Statements
7) Loop Statements
8) String handling
9) Arrays in Java
10) Built in Methods
11) User defined Methods
12) Input and Output Operations, File Handling
13) Exception Handling
B) Java OOPS
1) Inheritance
2) Polymorphism
3) Abstraction
4) Encapsulation
------------------------------------
Handling Elements in Selenium
i) Handling Browser
Operations on Browser:
> Launch the Browser
> Navigate to specified URL
> Return Current URL
> Get the Page Title
> Return Page source
> Return Window handle
> Close focused Browser
> Close all browsers that opened by selenium WebDriver during execution
-----------
> Navigate to another URL
> Navigate back to previous URL
> Navigate forward
> Refresh the Browser
> Maximize the Browser window.
-------------------------------------
Examples:
public static void main(String[] args) {
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
driver.get("https://www.google.co.in");
String PageTitle = driver.getTitle();
System.out.println(PageTitle);
String URL = driver.getCurrentUrl();
System.out.println(URL);
String PageSource = driver.getPageSource();
System.out.println(PageSource);
String WindowHandle = driver.getWindowHandle();
System.out.println(WindowHandle);
driver.close();
driver.quit();
----------------------------------------
public static void main(String[] args) {
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
driver.get("https://www.google.co.in");
driver.navigate().to("https://login.yahoo.com/");
System.out.println(driver.getCurrentUrl());
driver.navigate().back();
System.out.println(driver.getCurrentUrl());
driver.navigate().forward();
System.out.println(driver.getCurrentUrl());
driver.manage().window().maximize();
--------------------------------------------
ii) Handling Edit box
Operations on Edit box
> Enter a value
> Clear the Value
> Return the Value
> Check Displayed status
> Check Enabled statues
Example:
//Finding Edit box using id locator
driver.findElement(By.id("Email")).sendKeys("gcrindia");
//Finding Edit box using name locator
driver.findElement(By.name("Email")).sendKeys("gcrindia");
//Finding Edit box using CSS Selector locator
driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("#Email")).sendKeys("gcrindia");
//Finding Edit box using xpath locator
driver.findElement(By.xpath(".//*[@id='Email']")).sendKeys("gcrindia");
//Clear the Value
driver.findElement(By.xpath(".//*[@id='Email']")).clear();
--------------------------------
WebElement Email = driver.findElement(By.xpath(".//*[@id='Email']"));
Email.sendKeys("gcrindia");
//Return Type of the Object
Email.getAttribute("type");
//Return the Value
System.out.println(Email.getText());//gcrindia
//Return Displayed status
System.out.println(Email.isDisplayed());//true
//Return Enabled status
System.out.println(Email.isEnabled());//true
//Clear the value
driver.findElement(By.id("Email")).clear();
---------------------------------------------
iii) Handle Text Area
Capture Text Area/Capture Error Message
Capture Text Area:
driver.get("https://www.gmail.com");
String s = driver.findElement(By.xpath("html/body/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/h1")).getText();
System.out.println(s);
Capture Error Message:
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
driver.get("https://login.yahoo.com/");
driver.manage().window().maximize();
driver.findElement(By.xpath(".//*[@id='login-signin']")).click();
String ErrorMessage = driver.findElement(By.id("mbr-login-error")).getText();
System.out.println(ErrorMessage);
Handle Window Popup
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
driver.get("https://mail.rediff.com/cgi-bin/login.cgi");
driver.findElement(By.name("proceed")).click();
Alert alert = driver.switchTo().alert();
String Error_Message =alert.getText();//Returns Error message
System.out.println(Error_Message);
alert.accept();//Closes OK Button
driver.findElement(By.id("login1")).sendKeys("Inda123");
---------------------------------
iv) Handle Button
> Click
> Check the Displayed status
> Check the Enabled status
> Return name of the Object
> Return type of the Object
Example:
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
driver.get("https://www.gmail.co.in");
System.out.println(driver.findElement(By.id("next")).isEnabled());//true
driver.findElement(By.id("next")).click();
System.out.println(driver.findElement(By.id("next")).isDisplayed());//true
System.out.println(driver.findElement(By.id("next")).isEnabled());//false
System.out.println(driver.findElement(By.id("next")).getAttribute("type"));
System.out.println(driver.findElement(By.id("next")).getAttribute("name"));
System.out.println(driver.findElement(By.id("next")).getAttribute("value"));
---------------------------------------------------
Pre-requisites to create Test cases in Selenium
i) Element Locators (To recognize/identify Elements)
ii) WebDriver Methods (To perform operations on Elements)
iii) Programming features (To enhance Test cases)
----------------------------------------------
iv) TestNG Annotations (Grouping Test Cases, Test Batch execution and generating reports.)
----------------------------------------------
i) Element Locators
1) id
2) name
3) className
4) tagName
5) linkText
6) parialLinkText
7) cssSelector
8) xpath
------------------------------
Web Elements
Browser -driver object
Page-----------
Link
Button
Image, Image Button, Image Link
Edit box
Text Area
Check box
Radio Button
Drop down box
List box
Combo box
Web Table / HTML Table
Frame etc...
-----------------------------------------
ii) WebDriver Methods
a) Methods on Browser
1) get()
2) getTitle()
3) getPageSource()
4) getCurrentUrl()
5) getwindowHandle()
6) close()
7) quit()
--------------------
b) Browser navigation methods
1) navigate().to()
2) navigate().back()
3) navigate().forward()
4) navigate().refresh()
------------------------------
c) Methods on Elements
1) findElement()
2) findElements()
3) sendkeys()
4) clear()
5) click()
6) isEnabled()
7) isDisplayed()
8) isSelected()
9) getText()
10) getAttribute()
-----------------------------------
d) Others
1) manage.window.maximize()
2) .explicitlyWait()
-------------------------------------
iii) Java Programming features
A) Java Fundamentals
1) Comments
2) Data Types
3) Modifiers
4) Variables
5) Operators
6) Conditional Statements
7) Loop Statements
8) String handling
9) Arrays in Java
10) Built in Methods
11) User defined Methods
12) Input and Output Operations, File Handling
13) Exception Handling
B) Java OOPS
1) Inheritance
2) Polymorphism
3) Abstraction
4) Encapsulation
------------------------------------
Handling Elements in Selenium
i) Handling Browser
Operations on Browser:
> Launch the Browser
> Navigate to specified URL
> Return Current URL
> Get the Page Title
> Return Page source
> Return Window handle
> Close focused Browser
> Close all browsers that opened by selenium WebDriver during execution
-----------
> Navigate to another URL
> Navigate back to previous URL
> Navigate forward
> Refresh the Browser
> Maximize the Browser window.
-------------------------------------
Examples:
public static void main(String[] args) {
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
driver.get("https://www.google.co.in");
String PageTitle = driver.getTitle();
System.out.println(PageTitle);
String URL = driver.getCurrentUrl();
System.out.println(URL);
String PageSource = driver.getPageSource();
System.out.println(PageSource);
String WindowHandle = driver.getWindowHandle();
System.out.println(WindowHandle);
driver.close();
driver.quit();
----------------------------------------
public static void main(String[] args) {
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
driver.get("https://www.google.co.in");
driver.navigate().to("https://login.yahoo.com/");
System.out.println(driver.getCurrentUrl());
driver.navigate().back();
System.out.println(driver.getCurrentUrl());
driver.navigate().forward();
System.out.println(driver.getCurrentUrl());
driver.manage().window().maximize();
--------------------------------------------
ii) Handling Edit box
Operations on Edit box
> Enter a value
> Clear the Value
> Return the Value
> Check Displayed status
> Check Enabled statues
Example:
//Finding Edit box using id locator
driver.findElement(By.id("Email")).sendKeys("gcrindia");
//Finding Edit box using name locator
driver.findElement(By.name("Email")).sendKeys("gcrindia");
//Finding Edit box using CSS Selector locator
driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("#Email")).sendKeys("gcrindia");
//Finding Edit box using xpath locator
driver.findElement(By.xpath(".//*[@id='Email']")).sendKeys("gcrindia");
//Clear the Value
driver.findElement(By.xpath(".//*[@id='Email']")).clear();
--------------------------------
WebElement Email = driver.findElement(By.xpath(".//*[@id='Email']"));
Email.sendKeys("gcrindia");
//Return Type of the Object
Email.getAttribute("type");
//Return the Value
System.out.println(Email.getText());//gcrindia
//Return Displayed status
System.out.println(Email.isDisplayed());//true
//Return Enabled status
System.out.println(Email.isEnabled());//true
//Clear the value
driver.findElement(By.id("Email")).clear();
---------------------------------------------
iii) Handle Text Area
Capture Text Area/Capture Error Message
Capture Text Area:
driver.get("https://www.gmail.com");
String s = driver.findElement(By.xpath("html/body/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/h1")).getText();
System.out.println(s);
Capture Error Message:
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
driver.get("https://login.yahoo.com/");
driver.manage().window().maximize();
driver.findElement(By.xpath(".//*[@id='login-signin']")).click();
String ErrorMessage = driver.findElement(By.id("mbr-login-error")).getText();
System.out.println(ErrorMessage);
Handle Window Popup
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
driver.get("https://mail.rediff.com/cgi-bin/login.cgi");
driver.findElement(By.name("proceed")).click();
Alert alert = driver.switchTo().alert();
String Error_Message =alert.getText();//Returns Error message
System.out.println(Error_Message);
alert.accept();//Closes OK Button
driver.findElement(By.id("login1")).sendKeys("Inda123");
---------------------------------
iv) Handle Button
> Click
> Check the Displayed status
> Check the Enabled status
> Return name of the Object
> Return type of the Object
Example:
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
driver.get("https://www.gmail.co.in");
System.out.println(driver.findElement(By.id("next")).isEnabled());//true
driver.findElement(By.id("next")).click();
System.out.println(driver.findElement(By.id("next")).isDisplayed());//true
System.out.println(driver.findElement(By.id("next")).isEnabled());//false
System.out.println(driver.findElement(By.id("next")).getAttribute("type"));
System.out.println(driver.findElement(By.id("next")).getAttribute("name"));
System.out.println(driver.findElement(By.id("next")).getAttribute("value"));
---------------------------------------------------
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